Waste Isolation Power Plant Issues

ball up closing off Power schemet IssuesIntroductionThe Waste isolation Pilot Plant, usually abbreviated as WIPP is the third deepest geologic escritoire in the world. This is later the closure of the secretarial assistant German plants such as the Schacht Asse II, and the Morsleben hot superfluity plants. This geological bank deposit website has been licensed to dispose radioactive harry, for a minimum period of 10,000 categorys. Furthermore, the WIPP is too responsible for(p) for the production of atomic weapons (Olsson, 32). The estimated toll that this thermo atomic plan incurs is estimated at 19 billion United States dollars. The WIPP is instal at 42 km, east of the town of Carlsbad. This town is found in the urban center of youthful Mexico, in the county of Eddy. This piece is considered as the thermonuclear corridor of the city of parvenu Mexico, and it also includes a National Enrichment Facility and a Waste Control Facility. Capilla, Jaime, and Andrs (257) in that respectfore explains that New Mexico hosts truly important nuclear and geological facilities in United States.In the socio-economic class 2010, the division of postcode was qualified to mothball, the previous plans to develop and build the Yucca nuclear shove off repository plant in Nevada. This had an military unit of leaving the WIPP as the only repository facility that had the potency of storing looseness products that had accumulated at the commercial nuclear plants, in the United States (Olsson, 39). However, there were a serial publication of mishaps and accidents in the year 2014, and this is because of the growing backlog of nuclear waste, that were emanating from commercial nuclear power plants (Seong and Yoram, 1011). Because of these accidents and mishaps, there is a growing concern that this situation whitethorn turn into a danger to the citizens of the country, hence the need of building more nuclear repositories that endure handle the nuclear a ctivities of the country.Geological History of the WIPPThe WIPP is located in the Delaware lavatory of the state of New Mexico. It is a 600 meter deep in length, and it is a coarseness basin. This basin was formed during the periods of the Permian, and it is approximately 250 million years ago. The Permian is a geological period, and it is characterized by the diversification of organisms into turtles, mammals, archosaurs, etc. Capilla, Jaime, and Andrs (255) explains that an ancient sea once existed where the Delaware Basin is, and it evaporated over a given up period of time. This had an effect of leaving an impermeable layer of salt that over a given period of time was able to cover a 300 meters of quaver and soil. Olsson (41) further explains that the Delaware basin has virtually geological similarities with other basins that were created or do through the evaporation of the sea. i of this characteristic is the existence of salts and rocks. The Delaware basin is very sa lty and rocky, hence depicting this universal characteristic that is found in all the basins that exists because of the evaporation of the sea.The saltiness of these basins occurs because of the nature of the sea, which is always salty. In 1975, the department of energy began bore in the salty beds of the Delaware Basin. Geologists were able to discover that the perimeter of the Delaware Basin had experienced some disturbances. This had led to the movement of the interbed layers to a unsloped position. In response, the geologists were able to move the site towards a more fixed center of the Delaware basin. Capilla, Jaime, and Andrs (255) explains that there was a suggestion during the early on periods of investigation, that the complexness of the geological basin was problematic. This had an effect of causing or making the hollowed-out caverns as unstable. However, Seong and Yoram (1011) explain that what others consider as a form of inst dexterity is viewed as a positive aspec t, and this is because salt is transformed into a rock. Furthermore, as early as 1957, the National Academy of Science was able to recommend that salt should be used as a radioactive waste disposal. This is because it had the cleverness of plastically deforming a motion that is referred to as the salt creep, which exists in the salt-mining patience (Olsson, 32). This helps in sealing and closing any opening that is created during the unconscious process of mining. Furthermore, it also closes and seals any opening that is found around the repository.Geological Location of the WIPPThe WIPP lies on a general flat plain, which is covered with caliche, desert bushes, and sand. The geological reach of the region in which the WIPP is located, is called the gypsum-karst region. A subsidence landform, commonly referred to as the Nash leave out lies 5 km, across the air jacketern side of the WIPP site. The Nash Draw is 10 to 16 km wide, on the eastern side of the WIPP, and it has experi enced a series of erosion by fill and solution of soluble rocks (Olsson, 27). This is a process that has happened in the past period, and it is also currently happening. The Pecos River also flows from the North West of the WIPP to the South East of the repository. This river is approximately 20 km, from the repository. Because of the existence of saline go along the Pecos River, the WIPP has been identified as an area that has the potential of discharging nuclear waste products that emanate from the commercial nuclear sites, and the repository itself.Geological Issues related with WIPPThe geological characterization of the WIPP began in 1974, after the governing remiss the Lyons, Kansas site. The government abandoned this site, in the year 1972. The Atomic Energy Commission was the one which was responsible for selecting the Kansas site. However, it was deemed unsuitable because of unmapped gas and oil wells, which were located within the region or area (Mahaffey, 38). These un mapped wells had the potential of compromising the ability of the planned plant to contain and preserve nuclear waste. The government feared that action with the construction of a nuclear site at the Kansas localisation of function, may take up to the emergence of serious health endangers, such as nuclear leakages. This may result to a serious negative impact on the environment.This is because nuclear wastes have the capability of destroying the environment, and the lives of people. Because these concerns were raised by the people, and professional geologists, the government was able to abandon this program, and look for a new site. In relocating this project to New Mexico, the government was encouraged by the interests that emerged from the communities spiritednessspan in the region. Based on these facts, the department of energy was able to relocate this new program to the Delaware salt beds, which are located in New Mexico. The early activities that characterized the classi fication of the site was focused on obtaining data on hydrology, potash resources, and stratigraphy at the WIPP site. As these studies continued, a variety of geological processes and features were identified, and these features could negatively affect the capabilities of a radioactive waste repository system. Because of the existence of these geological issues and safety concerns, the exact location of building this site was able to change on numerous occasions.This is because the government was keen on protecting the security of the community of people living in the Basin. One of the minerals that posed a safety concern was the figurehead of Brine deposits. The discovery of saltwater occurred in the year 1975, when a drilling process was able to release a pressurized deposit of brine, from beneath the repository level. Olsson (46) therefore explains that construction of this plant, near the brine deposits could compromise the safety of the facility. This is because brine has the capability of leaking into the repository, and hence dissolving the radioactive particles or elements. Furthermore, brine had the capability of entraining particulate matter or elements with radioactive waste substances to the surface. This idler negatively affect the environment, and the people living within the environment under consideration. These were some of the factors that were considered during the creation and development of the WIPP nuclear plant.Importance of WIPP to the StudyUnderstanding the geological characteristics and formation of WIPP is important because of the fact that it is a nuclear facility, and any breaches of its security, can lead to very grave security concerns and environmental damages. Take for suit the Fukushima Daiichi disaster of 2011. This was a Japanese nuclear disaster that occurred in the year 2011, after being hit by a tsunami (Fermi and Salvatore, 41). This disaster adage the release of a substantial amount of radio-active elements, making it one of the largest nuclear disasters of all time. This led to the contamination of the Pacific sea, affecting the marine life there. Furthermore, there were risks that people could acquire cancer, because of exposure to radioactive elements. Understanding the geological properties and conditions of WIPP would help in minimizing risks associated with the leakage of radioactive elements (Fermi and Salvatore, 41).ConclusionStoring nuclear waste substances always gives a significant problem to the continuous usage of nuclear substances or materials. There are various challenges that exists in the stock of these nuclear facilities, and this is demonstrated by 2011 Japanese nuclear crisis, and the recent fires that occur at the WIPP nuclear plant. Salt mines have been traditionally used as storage sites for nuclear plants however, workers in these locations are always vulnerable to acquiring medical exam conditions that are not conducive to them. Furthermore, the notion that salt min es have the capability of blocking a diffusion of waste products is not a sealed belief. It is based on these facts that the WIPP repository should be placed under sedate surveillance to ensure that it does not present a health hazard or risk to the community living there.Works CitedEnergy.gov. Waste isolation Pilot Plant. Web. 12 Nov. 2014. http//energy.gov/em/waste-isolation-pilot-plant.Seong, Kwanjae, and Yoram Rubin. Field Investigation of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant(WIPP) Site (New Mexico) Using a Nonstationary Stochastic example with a TrendingHydraulic Conductivity Field. Water Resources Research (1999) 1011. Print.Capilla, Jos E., J. Jaime Gmez-Hernndez, and Andrs Sahuquillo. Stochastic Simulation ofTransmissivity Fields Conditional to Both Transmissivity and Piezometric Head selective information3.Application to the Culebra Formation at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plan (WIPP), NewMexico, USA. Journal of Hydrology (1998) 254-69. Print.Olsson, P. atomic Reactors, Nucle ar Fusion and Fusion Engineering. New York NovaScience, 2009. Print.Fermi, Enrico, and Salvatore Esposito. Neutron Physics for Nuclear Reactors UnpublishedWritings. Singapore World Scientific, 2010. Print.Mahaffey, James A. Nuclear Fission Reactors. New York Facts on File, 2011. Print.Appendix OneImage OneThis image was removed from the ENERGY.GOV website, managed by the Office of the Environmental Management (Energy.gov, 5).The pursuit is a link to the website,http//energy.gov/em/waste-isolation-pilot-plantThis is a truck carrying nuclear waste products, shipping them to the WIPP. This image is developed courtesy of ENERGY.GOV (Energy.gov, 5).